A (4) or "ing opener" must be set up in a very specific grammatical way.
The first part of the sentence should be a dependent clause or phrase followed by a comma.
RIGHT after the dependent clause's comma, the person or thing "doing the ing" is mentioned.
This part of the sentence (after the dependent clause or phrase) is an independent clause.
That independent clause must be happening at the very same time as the "ing dependent clause."
EXAMPLES:
(4)Drumming her fingers on the desk, Kaitlyn stared blankly at the teacher who was droning on and on.
(4) Brushing the eraser shavings off the paper, he felt the orange crumbs slip through his fingers as they slid across the desk, and his stomach knotted as he realized he was the only one to have erased so many test answers.
(4) Opening the wardrobe doors, the kids squealed, and an avalanche of furry coats, moth balls, and jewelry spilled out onto their heads.
(4) Wading into the river, he searched for the mermaid who had saved him when the ship crashed on the rocks the night before.
EXAMPLES:
INCORRECT SENTENCE: Peering through a hole in the fence, John F. Kennedy deliver his speech.
SUBJECT: JFK
CORRECT SENTENCE: Peering through a hole in the fence, she heard John F. Kennedy deliver his speech.
SUBJECT: she
INCORRECT SENTENCE: Running down the street, the Golden Gate Bridge came into view.
SUBJECT: the Golden Gate Bridge
CORRECT SENTENCE: Running down the street, I watched the Golden Gate Bridge come into view.
SUBJECT: I
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Teacher notes on E3 Resources site
Write the subject of the action.
Write a corrected sentence.
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1
INCORRECT SENTENCE:Having arrived late, the soup was served to Lilly and Miles immediately.
SUBJECT: In this incorrect sentence, who or what arrived late? _____
CORRECT SENTENCE:
SUBJECT: In this corrected sentence, who or what arrived late? _____
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2
INCORRECT SENTENCE:Opening the door, the package made my Mom smile.
SUBJECT: Who or what opened the door? _____
CORRECT SENTENCE:
SUBJECT: Who or what opened the door? _____
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3
INCORRECT SENTENCE: Walking down the street, the windows shattered from the force of the explosion and it startled us.
SUBJECT: Who or what was walking down the street? _____
CORRECT SENTENCE:
SUBJECT: Who or what was walking down the street? _____
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4
INCORRECT SENTENCE: Standing on the side of the highway thumbing a ride, the cars whizzed by Brady.
SUBJECT: Who or what was standing on the side of the highway thumbing a ride? _____
CORRECT SENTENCE:
SUBJECT: Who or what was standing on the side of the highway thumbing a ride? _____ __________________________________________________________________
5
INCORRECT SENTENCE: Shouting in a loud voice, the bus pulled away from the curb and passed Toby.
SUBJECT: Who or what was shouting? _____
CORRECT SENTENCE:
SUBJECT: Who or what was shouting? _____
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6
INCORRECT SENTENCE: Crying bitterly, the house was Jane's refuge.
SUBJECT: Who or what was crying? _____
CORRECT SENTENCE:
SUBJECT: Who or what was crying? _____
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7
INCORRECT SENTENCE: Gazing out the window, the two cars collided at the corner.
SUBJECT: Who or what was gazing? _____
CORRECT SENTENCE:
SUBJECT: Who or what was gazing? _____
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WRITE YOUR OWN ENDING TO CREATE A CORRECT SENTENCE. MAKE SURE THE PERSON OR THING DOING THE "ING" COMES SOON AFTER THE COMMA :
Paying close attention to the song,
WRITE YOUR OWN ENDING TO CREATE A CORRECT SENTENCE. MAKE SURE THE PERSON OR THING DOING THE "ING" COMES SOON AFTER THE COMMA :
Trying to keep from laughing,
WRITE YOUR OWN ENDING TO CREATE A CORRECT SENTENCE. MAKE SURE THE PERSON OR THING DOING THE "ING" COMES SOON AFTER THE COMMA :
Strolling leisurely down the hall,
WRITE YOUR OWN ENDING TO CREATE A CORRECT SENTENCE. MAKE SURE THE PERSON OR THING DOING THE "ING" COMES SOON AFTER THE COMMA :
Falling off the log,
WRITE YOUR OWN ENDING TO CREATE A CORRECT SENTENCE. MAKE SURE THE PERSON OR THING DOING THE "ING" COMES SOON AFTER THE COMMA :
Quietly lifting the nets,
